Dataset statistics
| Number of variables | 34 |
|---|---|
| Number of observations | 970 |
| Missing cells | 0 |
| Missing cells (%) | 0.0% |
| Duplicate rows | 161 |
| Duplicate rows (%) | 16.6% |
| Total size in memory | 237.9 KiB |
| Average record size in memory | 251.1 B |
Variable types
| Categorical | 3 |
|---|---|
| Boolean | 25 |
| Numeric | 6 |
| Dataset has 161 (16.6%) duplicate rows | Duplicates |
wordcount is highly correlated with pagecount and 2 other fields | High correlation |
pagecount is highly correlated with wordcount and 3 other fields | High correlation |
openaccesscolor is highly correlated with filestatus and 8 other fields | High correlation |
reliability is highly correlated with manual_classification and 9 other fields | High correlation |
filestatus is highly correlated with isopenaccesstitle and 6 other fields | High correlation |
isopenaccesstitle is highly correlated with filestatus and 7 other fields | High correlation |
doi_in_oa is highly correlated with filestatus and 6 other fields | High correlation |
manual_classification is highly correlated with filestatus and 15 other fields | High correlation |
DOI_in_OA is highly correlated with filestatus and 6 other fields | High correlation |
DOI_no_PPT is highly correlated with filestatus and 7 other fields | High correlation |
PPT_in_name is highly correlated with reliability and 1 other fields | High correlation |
ppt_creator is highly correlated with reliability and 2 other fields | High correlation |
10_pics_page is highly correlated with reliability and 2 other fields | High correlation |
Contains_DOI is highly correlated with filestatus and 7 other fields | High correlation |
Contains_ISBN is highly correlated with filestatus | High correlation |
words_page>350 is highly correlated with reliability and 1 other fields | High correlation |
keyword_creator is highly correlated with reliability | High correlation |
Creative commons is highly correlated with isopenaccesstitle and 1 other fields | High correlation |
Words_more_300pp is highly correlated with manual_classification and 2 other fields | High correlation |
10>_Pagecount_<50 is highly correlated with openaccesscolor and 5 other fields | High correlation |
Kleiner_10_paginas is highly correlated with reliability and 3 other fields | High correlation |
Pagecount_bigger_50 is highly correlated with reliability and 3 other fields | High correlation |
images_same_pagecount is highly correlated with pagecount | High correlation |
Minder dan 50 woorden per pagina is highly correlated with reliability and 4 other fields | High correlation |
isfilepublished is highly correlated with filesize | High correlation |
filesize is highly correlated with wordcount and 2 other fields | High correlation |
picturecount is highly correlated with wordcount and 2 other fields | High correlation |
wordcount_o is highly correlated with Minder dan 50 woorden per pagina | High correlation |
wordcount has 29 (3.0%) zeros | Zeros |
filesize has 236 (24.3%) zeros | Zeros |
picturecount has 144 (14.8%) zeros | Zeros |
reliability has 38 (3.9%) zeros | Zeros |
Reproduction
| Analysis started | 2022-11-09 10:37:59.741295 |
|---|---|
| Analysis finished | 2022-11-09 10:38:11.813982 |
| Duration | 12.07 seconds |
| Software version | pandas-profiling v3.4.0 |
| Download configuration | config.json |
| Distinct | 3 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.3% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 7.7 KiB |
| 50 | |
|---|---|
| 80 | |
| 90 | 30 |
Length
| Max length | 2 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 2 |
| Mean length | 2 |
| Min length | 2 |
Characters and Unicode
| Total characters | 1940 |
|---|---|
| Distinct characters | 4 |
| Distinct categories | 1 ? |
| Distinct scripts | 1 ? |
| Distinct blocks | 1 ? |
The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.
Unique
| Unique | 0 ? |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.0% |
Sample
| 1st row | 50 |
|---|---|
| 2nd row | 50 |
| 3rd row | 50 |
| 4th row | 50 |
| 5th row | 50 |
Common Values
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 50 | 822 | |
| 80 | 118 | 12.2% |
| 90 | 30 | 3.1% |
Length
Histogram of lengths of the category
Category Frequency Plot
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 50 | 822 | |
| 80 | 118 | 12.2% |
| 90 | 30 | 3.1% |
Most occurring characters
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 970 | |
| 5 | 822 | |
| 8 | 118 | 6.1% |
| 9 | 30 | 1.5% |
Most occurring categories
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Decimal Number | 1940 |
Most frequent character per category
Decimal Number
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 970 | |
| 5 | 822 | |
| 8 | 118 | 6.1% |
| 9 | 30 | 1.5% |
Most occurring scripts
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Common | 1940 |
Most frequent character per script
Common
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 970 | |
| 5 | 822 | |
| 8 | 118 | 6.1% |
| 9 | 30 | 1.5% |
Most occurring blocks
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ASCII | 1940 |
Most frequent character per block
ASCII
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 970 | |
| 5 | 822 | |
| 8 | 118 | 6.1% |
| 9 | 30 | 1.5% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 649 | |
| True | 321 |
| Distinct | 346 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 35.7% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 40797.37732 |
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 2095781 |
| Zeros | 29 |
| Zeros (%) | 3.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 7.7 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 112 |
| Q1 | 2291 |
| median | 9577 |
| Q3 | 35521 |
| 95-th percentile | 203232.65 |
| Maximum | 2095781 |
| Range | 2095781 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 33230 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 134514.6039 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 3.29713851 |
| Kurtosis | 170.9958669 |
| Mean | 40797.37732 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 9041.5 |
| Skewness | 11.87540349 |
| Sum | 39573456 |
| Variance | 1.809417866 × 1010 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 81694 | 52 | 5.4% |
| 9577 | 44 | 4.5% |
| 112 | 32 | 3.3% |
| 0 | 29 | 3.0% |
| 329 | 26 | 2.7% |
| 216156 | 22 | 2.3% |
| 35521 | 14 | 1.4% |
| 841 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 202670 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 60142 | 10 | 1.0% |
| Other values (336) | 717 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 29 | |
| 91 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 112 | 32 | |
| 123 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 124 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 132 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 137 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 143 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 205 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 218 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2095781 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 851895 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 282557 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 251500 | 4 | 0.4% |
| 250608 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 243495 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 216214 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 216156 | 22 | |
| 216141 | 7 | 0.7% |
| 205464 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Distinct | 163 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 16.8% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 134.5525773 |
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 3395 |
| Zeros | 0 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.0% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 7.7 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 1 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 23 |
| median | 54 |
| Q3 | 126 |
| 95-th percentile | 524 |
| Maximum | 3395 |
| Range | 3394 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 103 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 291.0832723 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 2.163342228 |
| Kurtosis | 59.36835078 |
| Mean | 134.5525773 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 40 |
| Skewness | 6.671808435 |
| Sum | 130516 |
| Variance | 84729.47143 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 1 | 60 | 6.2% |
| 256 | 56 | 5.8% |
| 34 | 44 | 4.5% |
| 52 | 33 | 3.4% |
| 31 | 27 | 2.8% |
| 10 | 25 | 2.6% |
| 2 | 25 | 2.6% |
| 524 | 24 | 2.5% |
| 32 | 22 | 2.3% |
| 50 | 22 | 2.3% |
| Other values (153) | 632 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 1 | 60 | |
| 2 | 25 | |
| 3 | 4 | 0.4% |
| 4 | 19 | 2.0% |
| 5 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 6 | 7 | 0.7% |
| 7 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 8 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 10 | 25 | |
| 11 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 3395 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 2280 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 1523 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 1402 | 4 | 0.4% |
| 1196 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 1046 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 934 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 801 | 12 | |
| 694 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 526 | 7 |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 35 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 935 | |
| True | 35 | 3.6% |
| Distinct | 210 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 21.6% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 3.333246894 |
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 212.294282 |
| Zeros | 236 |
| Zeros (%) | 24.3% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 7.7 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0 |
| Q1 | 0.069962 |
| median | 0.768802 |
| Q3 | 2.841351 |
| 95-th percentile | 15.334875 |
| Maximum | 212.294282 |
| Range | 212.294282 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 2.771389 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 12.59978078 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 3.780032257 |
| Kurtosis | 233.3072435 |
| Mean | 3.333246894 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0.768802 |
| Skewness | 14.35288489 |
| Sum | 3233.249487 |
| Variance | 158.7544757 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 236 | |
| 4.242592 | 52 | 5.4% |
| 0.768802 | 44 | 4.5% |
| 0.078495 | 32 | 3.3% |
| 2.831684 | 26 | 2.7% |
| 4.389999 | 14 | 1.4% |
| 15.440968 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 19.577692 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 0.148716 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 9.246692 | 10 | 1.0% |
| Other values (200) | 520 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 236 | |
| 0.040013 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.040682 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.044783 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.045134 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.055721 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.0577 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 0.069962 | 4 | 0.4% |
| 0.078495 | 32 | 3.3% |
| 0.082584 | 1 | 0.1% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 212.294282 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 62.489579 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 36.52486 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 24.783344 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 19.959697 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 19.577692 | 12 | |
| 19.076639 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 18.996502 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 16.75736 | 6 | |
| 15.441408 | 6 |
incollection
Boolean
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 6 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 964 | |
| True | 6 | 0.6% |
| Distinct | 6 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.6% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 4.678350515 |
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 5 |
| Zeros | 4 |
| Zeros (%) | 0.4% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 7.7 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 1 |
| Q1 | 5 |
| median | 5 |
| Q3 | 5 |
| 95-th percentile | 5 |
| Maximum | 5 |
| Range | 5 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 0 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1.046713546 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.2237355971 |
| Kurtosis | 8.358643549 |
| Mean | 4.678350515 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 0 |
| Skewness | -3.153700561 |
| Sum | 4538 |
| Variance | 1.095609247 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=6)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 5 | 876 | |
| 1 | 59 | 6.1% |
| 3 | 13 | 1.3% |
| 4 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 2 | 6 | 0.6% |
| 0 | 4 | 0.4% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 4 | 0.4% |
| 1 | 59 | 6.1% |
| 2 | 6 | 0.6% |
| 3 | 13 | 1.3% |
| 4 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 5 | 876 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 5 | 876 | |
| 4 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 3 | 13 | 1.3% |
| 2 | 6 | 0.6% |
| 1 | 59 | 6.1% |
| 0 | 4 | 0.4% |
| Distinct | 170 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 17.5% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 195.2247423 |
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 17844 |
| Zeros | 144 |
| Zeros (%) | 14.8% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 7.7 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 0 |
| Q1 | 5 |
| median | 30 |
| Q3 | 100 |
| 95-th percentile | 762 |
| Maximum | 17844 |
| Range | 17844 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 95 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 1086.304152 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 5.564377443 |
| Kurtosis | 217.6629539 |
| Mean | 195.2247423 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 30 |
| Skewness | 13.99196065 |
| Sum | 189368 |
| Variance | 1180056.711 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 144 | 14.8% |
| 30 | 55 | 5.7% |
| 14 | 52 | 5.4% |
| 2 | 33 | 3.4% |
| 42 | 28 | 2.9% |
| 1 | 23 | 2.4% |
| 3 | 21 | 2.2% |
| 8 | 19 | 2.0% |
| 1339 | 18 | 1.9% |
| 130 | 17 | 1.8% |
| Other values (160) | 560 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 144 | |
| 1 | 23 | 2.4% |
| 2 | 33 | 3.4% |
| 3 | 21 | 2.2% |
| 4 | 9 | 0.9% |
| 5 | 14 | 1.4% |
| 6 | 11 | 1.1% |
| 7 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 8 | 19 | 2.0% |
| 9 | 3 | 0.3% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 17844 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 6817 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 5077 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 3913 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 2024 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 1455 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 1344 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 1339 | 18 | |
| 870 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 801 | 12 |
| Distinct | 41 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 4.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Infinite | 0 |
| Infinite (%) | 0.0% |
| Mean | 72.13917526 |
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| Maximum | 100 |
| Zeros | 38 |
| Zeros (%) | 3.9% |
| Negative | 0 |
| Negative (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 7.7 KiB |
Quantile statistics
| Minimum | 0 |
|---|---|
| 5-th percentile | 30 |
| Q1 | 66 |
| median | 74 |
| Q3 | 87 |
| 95-th percentile | 98 |
| Maximum | 100 |
| Range | 100 |
| Interquartile range (IQR) | 21 |
Descriptive statistics
| Standard deviation | 23.01787817 |
|---|---|
| Coefficient of variation (CV) | 0.3190759818 |
| Kurtosis | 2.082925924 |
| Mean | 72.13917526 |
| Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) | 10 |
| Skewness | -1.411627945 |
| Sum | 69975 |
| Variance | 529.8227155 |
| Monotonicity | Not monotonic |
Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=41)
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 66 | 264 | |
| 95 | 98 | 10.1% |
| 30 | 72 | 7.4% |
| 72 | 71 | 7.3% |
| 75 | 51 | 5.3% |
| 98 | 46 | 4.7% |
| 87 | 41 | 4.2% |
| 84 | 38 | 3.9% |
| 0 | 38 | 3.9% |
| 96 | 31 | 3.2% |
| Other values (31) | 220 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 0 | 38 | |
| 1 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 26 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 30 | 72 | |
| 41 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 50 | 2 | 0.2% |
| 55 | 4 | 0.4% |
| 58 | 12 | 1.2% |
| 62 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 63 | 3 | 0.3% |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 100 | 30 | 3.1% |
| 99 | 3 | 0.3% |
| 98 | 46 | |
| 97 | 9 | 0.9% |
| 96 | 31 | 3.2% |
| 95 | 98 | |
| 93 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 92 | 1 | 0.1% |
| 91 | 6 | 0.6% |
| 90 | 6 | 0.6% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 7.7 KiB |
| "False" | |
|---|---|
| "True" | 30 |
Length
| Max length | 7 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 7 |
| Mean length | 6.969072165 |
| Min length | 6 |
Characters and Unicode
| Total characters | 6760 |
|---|---|
| Distinct characters | 9 |
| Distinct categories | 3 ? |
| Distinct scripts | 2 ? |
| Distinct blocks | 1 ? |
The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.
Unique
| Unique | 0 ? |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.0% |
Sample
| 1st row | "False" |
|---|---|
| 2nd row | "False" |
| 3rd row | "False" |
| 4th row | "False" |
| 5th row | "False" |
Common Values
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| "False" | 940 | |
| "True" | 30 | 3.1% |
Length
Histogram of lengths of the category
Category Frequency Plot
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| false | 940 | |
| true | 30 | 3.1% |
Most occurring characters
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| " | 1940 | |
| e | 970 | |
| F | 940 | |
| a | 940 | |
| l | 940 | |
| s | 940 | |
| T | 30 | 0.4% |
| r | 30 | 0.4% |
| u | 30 | 0.4% |
Most occurring categories
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Lowercase Letter | 3850 | |
| Other Punctuation | 1940 | |
| Uppercase Letter | 970 | 14.3% |
Most frequent character per category
Lowercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| e | 970 | |
| a | 940 | |
| l | 940 | |
| s | 940 | |
| r | 30 | 0.8% |
| u | 30 | 0.8% |
Uppercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| F | 940 | |
| T | 30 | 3.1% |
Other Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| " | 1940 |
Most occurring scripts
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Latin | 4820 | |
| Common | 1940 |
Most frequent character per script
Latin
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| e | 970 | |
| F | 940 | |
| a | 940 | |
| l | 940 | |
| s | 940 | |
| T | 30 | 0.6% |
| r | 30 | 0.6% |
| u | 30 | 0.6% |
Common
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| " | 1940 |
Most occurring blocks
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ASCII | 6760 |
Most frequent character per block
ASCII
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| " | 1940 | |
| e | 970 | |
| F | 940 | |
| a | 940 | |
| l | 940 | |
| s | 940 | |
| T | 30 | 0.4% |
| r | 30 | 0.4% |
| u | 30 | 0.4% |
| Distinct | 11 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 1.1% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 7.7 KiB |
| eigen materiaal - powerpoint | |
|---|---|
| eigen materiaal - overig | |
| lange overname | |
| in onderzoek | |
| open access | |
| Other values (6) |
Length
| Max length | 32 |
|---|---|
| Median length | 28 |
| Mean length | 21.45257732 |
| Min length | 8 |
Characters and Unicode
| Total characters | 20809 |
|---|---|
| Distinct characters | 24 |
| Distinct categories | 3 ? |
| Distinct scripts | 2 ? |
| Distinct blocks | 1 ? |
The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.
Unique
| Unique | 0 ? |
|---|---|
| Unique (%) | 0.0% |
Sample
| 1st row | eigen materiaal - powerpoint |
|---|---|
| 2nd row | eigen materiaal - powerpoint |
| 3rd row | eigen materiaal - powerpoint |
| 4th row | eigen materiaal - powerpoint |
| 5th row | eigen materiaal - powerpoint |
Common Values
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| eigen materiaal - powerpoint | 267 | |
| eigen materiaal - overig | 233 | |
| lange overname | 138 | |
| in onderzoek | 102 | 10.5% |
| open access | 65 | 6.7% |
| middellange overname | 64 | 6.6% |
| verwijderverzoek verstuurd | 42 | 4.3% |
| eigen materiaal - titelindicatie | 38 | 3.9% |
| korte overname | 15 | 1.5% |
| onbekend | 4 | 0.4% |
Length
Histogram of lengths of the category
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| eigen | 538 | |
| 538 | ||
| materiaal | 538 | |
| powerpoint | 267 | |
| overig | 233 | |
| overname | 217 | |
| lange | 138 | 4.6% |
| in | 102 | 3.4% |
| onderzoek | 102 | 3.4% |
| access | 65 | 2.2% |
| Other values (9) | 274 |
Most occurring characters
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| e | 3463 | |
| a | 2140 | |
| 2042 | ||
| i | 1942 | |
| r | 1584 | 7.6% |
| n | 1541 | 7.4% |
| o | 1314 | 6.3% |
| t | 978 | 4.7% |
| g | 973 | 4.7% |
| l | 844 | 4.1% |
| Other values (14) | 3988 |
Most occurring categories
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Lowercase Letter | 18229 | |
| Space Separator | 2042 | 9.8% |
| Dash Punctuation | 538 | 2.6% |
Most frequent character per category
Lowercase Letter
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| e | 3463 | |
| a | 2140 | |
| i | 1942 | |
| r | 1584 | |
| n | 1541 | |
| o | 1314 | 7.2% |
| t | 978 | 5.4% |
| g | 973 | 5.3% |
| l | 844 | 4.6% |
| m | 819 | 4.5% |
| Other values (12) | 2631 |
Space Separator
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2042 |
Dash Punctuation
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| - | 538 |
Most occurring scripts
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| Latin | 18229 | |
| Common | 2580 | 12.4% |
Most frequent character per script
Latin
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| e | 3463 | |
| a | 2140 | |
| i | 1942 | |
| r | 1584 | |
| n | 1541 | |
| o | 1314 | 7.2% |
| t | 978 | 5.4% |
| g | 973 | 5.3% |
| l | 844 | 4.6% |
| m | 819 | 4.5% |
| Other values (12) | 2631 |
Common
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| 2042 | ||
| - | 538 | 20.9% |
Most occurring blocks
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| ASCII | 20809 |
Most frequent character per block
ASCII
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| e | 3463 | |
| a | 2140 | |
| 2042 | ||
| i | 1942 | |
| r | 1584 | 7.6% |
| n | 1541 | 7.4% |
| o | 1314 | 6.3% |
| t | 978 | 4.7% |
| g | 973 | 4.7% |
| l | 844 | 4.1% |
| Other values (14) | 3988 |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 30 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 940 | |
| True | 30 | 3.1% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 876 | |
| True | 94 | 9.7% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 84 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 886 | |
| True | 84 | 8.7% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 855 | |
| True | 115 | 11.9% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 29 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 941 | |
| True | 29 | 3.0% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| True | |
|---|---|
| False |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| True | 681 | |
| False | 289 |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 876 | |
| True | 94 | 9.7% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 54 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 916 | |
| True | 54 | 5.6% |
creator_abbyy
Boolean
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 2 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 968 | |
| True | 2 | 0.2% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 761 | |
| True | 209 | 21.5% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 61 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 909 | |
| True | 61 | 6.3% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 12 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 958 | |
| True | 12 | 1.2% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 612 | |
| True | 358 |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 726 | |
| True | 244 | 25.2% |
Contains_copyright
Boolean
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 81 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 889 | |
| True | 81 | 8.4% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 804 | |
| True | 166 | 17.1% |
filename_indicator
Boolean
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 7 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 963 | |
| True | 7 | 0.7% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| True | |
|---|---|
| False |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| True | 560 | |
| False | 410 |
book_and_words<10000
Boolean
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 5 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 965 | |
| True | 5 | 0.5% |
Contains_published_in
Boolean
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 13 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 957 | |
| True | 13 | 1.3% |
| Distinct | 2 |
|---|---|
| Distinct (%) | 0.2% |
| Missing | 0 |
| Missing (%) | 0.0% |
| Memory size | 1.1 KiB |
| False | |
|---|---|
| True | 28 |
| Value | Count | Frequency (%) |
| False | 942 | |
| True | 28 | 2.9% |
Auto
The auto setting is an easily interpretable pairwise column metric of the following mapping: vartype-vartype : method, categorical-categorical : Cramer's V, numerical-categorical : Cramer's V (using a discretized numerical column), numerical-numerical : Spearman's ρ. This configuration uses the best suitable for each pair of columns.Spearman's ρ
The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Pearson's r
The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.
Kendall's τ
Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.
Cramér's V (φc)
Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.Phik (φk)
Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here. A simple visualization of nullity by column.
Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.
First rows
| filestatus | isfilepublished | wordcount | pagecount | isopenaccesstitle | filesize | incollection | openaccesscolor | picturecount | reliability | doi_in_oa | manual_classification | DOI_in_OA | DOI_no_PPT | PPT_in_name | ppt_creator | wordcount_o | 10_pics_page | Contains_DOI | Contains_ISBN | creator_abbyy | words_page>350 | keyword_creator | Creative commons | Words_more_300pp | 10>_Pagecount_<50 | Contains_copyright | Kleiner_10_paginas | filename_indicator | Pagecount_bigger_50 | book_and_words<10000 | Contains_published_in | images_same_pagecount | Minder dan 50 woorden per pagina | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 50 | False | 459 | 2 | False | 0.147544 | False | 5 | 0 | 30 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False |
| 1 | 50 | False | 23085 | 83 | False | 0.000000 | False | 5 | 251 | 66 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 2 | 50 | False | 37047 | 105 | False | 0.000000 | False | 5 | 321 | 72 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | True | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 3 | 50 | False | 24218 | 81 | False | 0.000000 | False | 5 | 253 | 66 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 4 | 50 | False | 24218 | 81 | False | 0.000000 | False | 5 | 253 | 66 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 5 | 50 | False | 24218 | 81 | False | 0.000000 | False | 5 | 253 | 66 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 6 | 50 | False | 24218 | 81 | False | 0.000000 | False | 5 | 253 | 66 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 7 | 50 | False | 14770 | 56 | False | 0.000000 | False | 5 | 176 | 66 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 8 | 50 | False | 16057 | 50 | False | 0.000000 | False | 5 | 152 | 66 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 9 | 50 | False | 23085 | 83 | False | 0.000000 | False | 5 | 251 | 66 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
Last rows
| filestatus | isfilepublished | wordcount | pagecount | isopenaccesstitle | filesize | incollection | openaccesscolor | picturecount | reliability | doi_in_oa | manual_classification | DOI_in_OA | DOI_no_PPT | PPT_in_name | ppt_creator | wordcount_o | 10_pics_page | Contains_DOI | Contains_ISBN | creator_abbyy | words_page>350 | keyword_creator | Creative commons | Words_more_300pp | 10>_Pagecount_<50 | Contains_copyright | Kleiner_10_paginas | filename_indicator | Pagecount_bigger_50 | book_and_words<10000 | Contains_published_in | images_same_pagecount | Minder dan 50 woorden per pagina | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 960 | 50 | False | 238 | 1 | False | 0.200540 | False | 5 | 10 | 30 | "False" | eigen materiaal - overig | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False |
| 961 | 50 | False | 0 | 6 | False | 2.033238 | False | 5 | 6 | 80 | "False" | eigen materiaal - overig | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | True | True |
| 962 | 50 | False | 35521 | 159 | False | 4.389999 | False | 5 | 0 | 83 | "False" | lange overname | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 963 | 50 | False | 35521 | 159 | False | 4.389999 | False | 5 | 0 | 83 | "False" | lange overname | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 964 | 50 | False | 35521 | 159 | False | 4.389999 | False | 5 | 0 | 83 | "False" | lange overname | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 965 | 50 | False | 35521 | 159 | False | 4.389999 | False | 5 | 0 | 83 | "False" | lange overname | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 966 | 50 | False | 35521 | 159 | False | 4.389999 | False | 5 | 0 | 83 | "False" | lange overname | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 967 | 50 | False | 35521 | 159 | False | 4.389999 | False | 5 | 0 | 83 | "False" | lange overname | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 968 | 50 | False | 35521 | 159 | False | 4.389999 | False | 5 | 0 | 83 | "False" | lange overname | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
| 969 | 50 | True | 53348 | 169 | False | 0.000000 | False | 5 | 7 | 87 | "False" | lange overname | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False |
Most frequently occurring
| filestatus | isfilepublished | wordcount | pagecount | isopenaccesstitle | filesize | incollection | openaccesscolor | picturecount | reliability | doi_in_oa | manual_classification | DOI_in_OA | DOI_no_PPT | PPT_in_name | ppt_creator | wordcount_o | 10_pics_page | Contains_DOI | Contains_ISBN | creator_abbyy | words_page>350 | keyword_creator | Creative commons | Words_more_300pp | 10>_Pagecount_<50 | Contains_copyright | Kleiner_10_paginas | filename_indicator | Pagecount_bigger_50 | book_and_words<10000 | Contains_published_in | images_same_pagecount | Minder dan 50 woorden per pagina | # duplicates | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 77 | 50 | False | 81694 | 256 | False | 4.242592 | False | 5 | 30 | 66 | "False" | lange overname | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | 48 |
| 138 | 80 | False | 9577 | 34 | False | 0.768802 | False | 1 | 14 | 75 | "False" | middellange overname | False | True | False | False | False | True | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | 44 |
| 90 | 50 | True | 112 | 1 | False | 0.078495 | False | 5 | 0 | 30 | "False" | eigen materiaal - overig | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | 32 |
| 5 | 50 | False | 329 | 31 | False | 2.831684 | False | 5 | 42 | 98 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | True | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | 26 |
| 84 | 50 | False | 216156 | 524 | False | 15.440968 | False | 5 | 1339 | 72 | "False" | eigen materiaal - overig | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | True | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | 12 |
| 12 | 50 | False | 841 | 4 | False | 0.148716 | False | 5 | 0 | 30 | "False" | eigen materiaal - overig | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | 10 |
| 73 | 50 | False | 60142 | 225 | False | 9.246692 | False | 5 | 226 | 84 | "False" | open access | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | 10 |
| 14 | 50 | False | 880 | 32 | False | 1.426790 | False | 5 | 18 | 95 | "False" | eigen materiaal - powerpoint | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | 9 |
| 58 | 50 | False | 15689 | 52 | False | 1.171354 | False | 5 | 20 | 66 | "False" | eigen materiaal - overig | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | 9 |
| 2 | 50 | False | 0 | 10 | False | 0.447311 | False | 5 | 100 | 79 | "False" | eigen materiaal - overig | False | False | False | False | True | True | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | False | True | False | False | False | False | False | True | 8 |